They feed us to ourselves. Source: Cloud Atlas, 2012

John Byng's Torrington Diaries include receipts. He ate a lot of protein: meat and beans. Usually followed by a little fruit. All accompanied by a lot of alcohol.

Maintaining large muscle mass requires a high protein diet:

The strong gorged on the weak. Source: Cloud Atlas, 2012

Still standing in Stamford, Lincolnshire, is Browne's Hospital - an early example of the hospitality industry:

Browne's Hospital today. Source

Browne's Hospital is sited on North Street, home of Stamford's Friday market.

And still lying in St Michael and All Saint's churchyard, in nearby Uffington village, are the remains of one of Browne's Hospital's earlier managers:

Headstone (left) and footstone (right) mark Henry De Foe Baker's 3m long (9ft 9in) coffin.

Henry De Foe Baker's grave is one of three known giant's graves in south Lincolnshire. The meaning of 'Baker' is self-evident and connects with Lincolnshire folklore about bakers using human ingredients. The folklore around the name 'Henry' is less well-known but connects with 'Harold' and 'Herod'.

Now we look again at Henry De Foe Baker's workplace:

Plan of Browne's Hospital. Source

What do you notice about the ratio of kitchens and brewery - or even just kitchens - to 'dormitory'?

The dormitory 'rooms' were cells. The rest of Brown's structure - including the chapel - was about food prep.

From An Account Of The Religious Houses Formerly Situated on the Eastern Side of the River Witham, Rev George J Oliver, 1846, p40:

The property possessed by this abbey (Bardney Abbey), with all its live stock both human and bestial, was dispersed all over the county of Lincoln, and even extended beyond it, for we find an account of some estates in London, and at Hesslein, Yorkshire.

Medieval 'hospitals' were eating houses. A chain owned by the Pope. By Papa Song:

The First Catechism. Source: Cloud Atlas, 2012

For physical and folklore evidence, see Burghers in the Priors' Ovens and evidence analysed in IHASFEMR.

Cloud Atlas is loaded with references to medieval foodalism. The monkish Archivist in Cloud Atlas is prevented from using "serf-speak" when interviewing rebels for archival purposes.

She has to speak his language, not hers. Latin. Latin is also hinted at in each morning's ritual cleansing: the Hygiena.

Similarly, a carp nips at the foot of a server as she enters Papa Song's 'servery'. The religious houses of north-west Europe kept fish-ponds. The remains of their fishponds are a key way of identifying their sites today.

The servers' blue uniforms reflect the early days of the 'hospitality' industry. As do Pontins uniforms.

The religious houses of England also had chantries:

Almost the last straw. Source: Cloud Atlas, 2012

Papa Song's servers have just one possible future.

12 stars meant an end-term contract

This is a reference to the real purpose of abbeys, and church and market crosses. From March, Cambridgeshire:

children were told that, if they walked twelve times around the topmost step of the cross base, they would hear the Devil 'sharpening his knives'

Slaughterhouse religious ritual. Source: Cloud Atlas, 2012

And 'the consumer' liked a drink:

He drinks soap. Source: Cloud Atlas, 2012

'Soap' is a play on 'frumenty'. A soupy, fermented porridge which sometimes contained meat. It's familiar to readers of Thomas Hardy's novel The Mayor of Casterbridge.

The activities in England's chapels provoked revulsion and - eventually - rebellion:

The Devil in every corner. Belton Methodist Chapel, Lincolnshire. Source

From Belton, North Lincolnshire:

John Wesley... preached here several times, initially with success.

However, on returning he found that the place had been ‘poisoned’ by John Harrison and Richard Ridley, who had taken up Moravian heresies including opposition to attending church and taking the sacraments. A person Wesley identified as ‘H F’ "saw the Devil in every corner of the church, and in the face of everyone who went." So when Wesley preached here in 1749 it was only to ‘a few’.

Then in 1786 one of the most famous incidents in his career occurred. Three small children, all six or under, fell into a village well where they stayed for half an hour or so until fished out insensible. Wesley advised that they be rubbed with salt...

"Rubbed with salt" is a euphemism. It's explained in How Do You Get AI to Think for Itself? Part Three.

Near Belton is Temple Belwood. Evidence of the high-end hospitality provided at 'Temples of Bel' is included in Before the Digestive Biscuit Game.

Two of the three children survived. A common motif in the folklore of English rebellion has also survived: rage at butchers, leatherworkers and parchment-makers who drowned children in 'wells'. Examples: Kett's Rebellion in Norfolk, Jack Cade's rebellion in Mitcham, Surrey.

To understand Kett and Cade and why peasants would revolt in Mitcham - a large monastic landholding - read:

• Grimsby Serpent Mound
• Ice Age Sites of Britain's Serpents - Part Two

The resulting peasant rebellions were put down mercilessly:

The last straw. Source: Cloud Atlas, 2012

Kett's Rebellion is probably the most famous of England's peasant rebellions.

From Wikipedia: Kett's Rebellion:

Kett was captured... and hanged from the walls of Norwich Castle on 7 December 1549.

Don't assume Kett was hung from the outside of Norwich Castle's walls:

Adult and infant hang from the walls of the Bone Chapel, Évora, Portugal. Source

Tourists see Évora's Bone Chapel without the blood and guts:

Category C slaughterhouse. Interior view. Source: Working conditions and public health risks in slaughterhouses in western Kenya

Chapels have always needed a lot of clean up:

Food hygiene starts with the chapel. Source: Agnes

Wearing appropriate PPE becomes a habit.

Without Mother Superior and her staff to manage cleaning rotas, small chop-halls rely on easy-to-clean building design and good ventilation:

Category C slaughterhouse. Exterior view. Source: Working conditions and public health risks in slaughterhouses in western Kenya

In 19th century England, the 'Restoration Movement' installed glazing in many of the country's religious structures:

The once well-ventilated chapel at Hampstead Norreys, Berkshire. Source: Hampstead Norreys, Berkshire

But post-1800 efforts to sanitise England's chapels can't hide their odd locations and mismatched dates. You can catch another whiff of the evidence in The Georgian Group's Lincolnshire's '1812 Fen Churches Act' and its Buildings, by Christopher Webster.

© All rights reserved. The original author retains ownership and rights.